【英文标准名称】:OrthodonticWires
【原文标准名称】:正畸金属丝
【标准号】:ANSI/ADA32-2006
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2006-11-29
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国国家标准学会(US-ANSI)
【起草单位】:ADA(Organization)
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:牙科材料;牙科学;医疗技术学;金属丝
【英文主题词】:Dentalmaterials;Dentistry;Medicaltechnology;Wires
【摘要】:Thisspecificationspecifiesrequirementsandtestmethodsforwirestobeusedinfixedandremovableorthodonticappliances.Itincludespreformedorthodonticarchwiresbutexcludesspringsandotherpreformedcomponents.
【中国标准分类号】:C33
【国际标准分类号】:11_060_01
【页数】:
【正文语种】:英语


【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforSolarSimulationforThermalBalanceTestingofSpacecraft
【原文标准名称】:航天飞机热平衡试验用太阳模拟的标准实施规程
【标准号】:ASTME491-1973(2010)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1973
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E21.04
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:Irradiance/irradiation--solar;Solarenergy;Thermalanalysis(TA)--aircraft/aerospaceenvironments;Solarspectralirradiance
【摘要】:1.1Purpose:1.1.1Theprimarypurposeofthispracticeistoprovideguidanceformakingadequatethermalbalancetestsofspacecraftandcomponentswheresolarsimulationhasbeendeterminedtobetheapplicablemethod.Carefuladherencetothispracticeshouldensuretheadequatesimulationoftheradiationenvironmentofspaceforthermaltestsofspacevehicles.1.1.2Acorollarypurposeistoprovidethepropertestenvironmentforsystems-integrationtestsofspacevehicles.Anaccuratespace-simulationtestforthermalbalancegenerallywillprovideagoodenvironmentforoperatingallelectricalandmechanicalsystemsintheirvariousmissionmodestodetermineinterferenceswithinthecompletesystem.Althoughadherencetothispracticewillprovidethecorrectthermalenvironmentforthistypeoftest,thereisnodiscussionoftheextensiveelectronicequipmentandproceduresrequiredtosupportsystems-integrationtesting.1.2Nonapplicability8212;Thispracticedoesnotapplytoorprovideincompletecoverageofthefollowingtypesoftests:1.2.1Launchphaseoratmosphericreentryofspacevehicles,1.2.2Landersonplanetsurfaces,1.2.3Degradationofthermalcoatings,1.2.4Increasedfrictioninspaceofmechanicaldevices,sometimescalledx201C;coldwelding,x201D;1.2.5Sunsensors,1.2.6Maninspace,1.2.7Energyconversiondevices,and1.2.8Testsofcomponentsforleaks,outgassing,radiationdamage,orbulkthermalproperties.1.3RangeofApplication:1.3.1Theextremediversificationofspace-craft,designphilosophies,andanalyticaleffortmakesthepreparationofabrief,concisedocumentimpossible.Becauseofthis,variousspacecraftparametersareclassifiedandrelatedtotheimportantcharacteristicofspacesimulatorsinachartin7.6.1.3.2Theultimateresultofthethermalbalancetestistoprovethethermaldesigntothesatisfactionofthethermaldesigners.Flexibilitymustbeprovidedtothemtotradeoffadditionalanalyticaleffortforsimulatorshortcomings.Thecombinationofacomprehensivethermal-analyticalmodel,moderncomputers,andacompetentteamofanalystsgreatlyreducestherequirementsforaccuracyofspacesimulation.1.4Utility8212;Thispracticewillbeusefulduringspacevehicletestphasesfromthedevelopmentthroughflightacceptancetest.Itshouldprovideguidanceforspacesimulationtestingearlyinthedesignphaseofthermalcontrolmodelsofsubsystemsandspacecraft.Flightspacecraftfrequentlyaretestedbeforelaunch.Occasionally,testsaremadeinaspacechamberafterasisterspacecraftislaunchedasanaidinanalyzinganomaliesthatoccurinspace.1.5Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappropriatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.
【中国标准分类号】:V73
【国际标准分类号】:49_140
【页数】:33P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语